9.Write a program in C to perform bitwise left shift on a number using the '<<' operator.

Bitwise Left shift Operator (<<):
The bitwise left shift operator (<<) is a binary operation that shifts the bits of the left operand according to a specified number of positions in the right operand. The leftmost bits are ignored and the rightmost bits are filled with zeros. The syntax for the bitwise left shift operator is as follows:
operand1 << operand2
Here,
The symbol << is the bitwise left shift operator in C.
Operand1 is the left operand, i.e. the value to shift, and operand2 is the right operand, which gives the number of positions to shift the bits of the left operand. In C Languagee the bitwise Left shift operator is represented by the symbol << .
Let us study the bitwise Left shift << operation on the integer number 5 .
5 = 0101 ( Binary)
Bitwise Left shift << Operation on 5
a=5
ans=a<<2
a<<2
010100
________
010100 = 20 (In decimal)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,ans;
// read any numbers from user to perform bitwise left shift << operation
printf("\nEnter any decimal number: ");
scanf("%d", &a);
// perform the bitwise left shift << operation
ans = a<<2;
// Show the result
printf("\n Result after bitwise << operation a<<2 is: %d",ans);
return 0;
}

a program in C language that perform bitwise left shift << operation.

Output:
Enter any any decimal number: 5
Result after bitwise << operation a<<2 is: 20
Explanation:
In the main() function of the example above, we start by declaring and accepting an integer variable to the decimal value 5 using the basic standard library function scanf() .
In the next step, we declare the ans of another variable and assign a value to it by performing the left shift operation on the value of a.
Here, we use the << bitwise left shift operator which shifts the bits of a 2 positions to the left from a<<2.
. The output result of the left shift operation is stored in an integer variable 'ans' where the result is 20. The binary representation of 5 (00000101) is shifted two places to the left, resulting in 20 (00010100) in decimal form.
It then uses the printf() function to display the result of the bitwise << operation on the console with the message 'Result after bitwise << operation a<<2 is: %d' where %d is a placeholder for the value of ans.
The program exits with an exit status of 0, indicating completion without errors. Note that the left shift operation actually causes the value of a to be multiplied by 2 to the power of 2 resulting in 20.

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