11.Write a program to in C check if a number is even or odd using the bitwise & AND operator.

Bitwise AND Operator (&):
The bitwise AND operator is a binary operator that logically ANDs each bit of two integer operands. Each bit of the operands is compared and if both are 1, 1 is returned. Otherwise, 0 is returned. This bitwise operator in C language is denoted by a single character/ampersand character, i.e. (&). The syntax of the bitwise & AND operator is as follows: operand1 and operand2 here, Operand1 and operand2 refer to two integer inputs/variables on which low-level bitwise operations are to be performed. Note that operands can be any integer type, including int, short,char,long and byte. The ampersand symbol & represents the bitwise operator. In C Language the bitwise AND operator is represented by the symbol &.
Let us study the bitwise AND & operation on the integer number 5 and 3 .
a=5   0101
b=3   0011
Bitwise AND & Operation on 5 and 3
&  a=5   --> 0101
 b=3   --> 0011
   
ans=  0001
________
 0001 = 1 (In decimal)
Idea to check even or odd number using & operator. Check whether the last bit of the given number is set or not. If last bit of a number is set then the number is odd, otherwise it is even number. As we know that bitwise AND (&) Operation of the Number by 1 is always 1, If it is odd because the last bit will be already set. Otherwise, it will results zero 0 as output.